Hemorrhoids

• Hemorrhoids

- Varicosities of perianal vein.

- Etiology:

- portal vein hypertension

- (internal hemorrhoids)

- constipation, diarrhea and prolonged straining

- (external hemorrhoids)

- Clinical manifestations:

- prolapsing enlarged mass in the anal area

- with or without pain

- pain upon passing out of stools

- fresh blood on the stools

- constipation

- Nursing management:

- cold application and elevation of the buttocks

- allows to reduce prolapsed

- for pain: initially apply cold packs followed by

- warm sitz bath 3-4 X/day

- high fiber diet & enough fluids to soften the stools- Medications: topical anesthetic or steroid creams,

- stool softeners

- Surgery: hemorrhoidectomy