Achalasia

Achalasia

- Loss of esophageal peristalsis and poor relaxation of the LES

- Onset usually occurs between 30-50 y/o and equally affects both sexes

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Etiology: Unknown

- Increase in LES pressure and failure to relax during swallowing impairs transit of food and fluids

- Food accumulate in the distal portion of the esophagus

- Clinical manifestations:

- Dysphagia

- Regurgitation

- Chest discomfort

- Weight loss

- Diagnostics: Same with GERD

- Management:

- Nitrates 15 – 20 mins before meals and at bedtime

- Calcium channel blockers 30 – 45 mins before meals and at bed time

- Esophagomyotomy

- Pneumatic dilator

- Nursing Intervention:

- Diet of semisolid foods

- Upright position during meals and 2 hours after meals

- Drink fluids with meals to aid swallowing